NOTE: E&OE, means errors and omissions are expected and excepted, in other words, if there is any error in the following arti...
NOTE:
E&OE, means errors and
omissions are expected and excepted, in other words,
if there is any error in the following article, the same has to be corrected by
the user or the beneficiary accordingly.
This article contains works derived from other reputed works of huge publication houses and notes
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AIM:
Qualitative analysis for the identification of the functional group in the
organic sample.
SAMPLE:
An organic compound containing carboxylic group.
(A)
PRELIMINARY TEST:
Color – (what color
is it)
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||
Physical
State – (the way the compound is formed up)
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||
Odor
– (the smell it posses)
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||
Ignition Test
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Experiment
|
Observation
|
Inference
|
(For liquid sample) A clean glass rod is taken
and dipped in the given sample. The glass rod is then held at the mouth of
the Bunsen flame.
|
(For liquid sample) No sooty flame is
obtained.
|
(For liquid sample) The sample is aliphatic in
nature.
|
(for solid samples) A clean wet glass rod is
taken and rolled in the sample until the particles of the solid stick to it.
The glass rod is then held at the mouth of the Bunsen flame.
|
(for solid samples) A sooty or smoky flame.
|
(for solid samples) The sample is aromatic in
nature.
|
(B) CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE
CARBOXYLIC FUNCTIONAL GROUP.
TEST NO. 1
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||
LITMUS TEST
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Experiment
|
Observation
|
Inference
|
A drop/paste of the
sample is taken on moist litmus paper (blue or red).
|
Blue litmus turns red.
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Sample is acidic in
nature.
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TEST NO. 2
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Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) or Sodium
Bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
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Experiment
|
Observation
|
Inference
|
(for a liquid sample) A pinch of sodium carbonate/bicarbonate is
added to a small amount of the sample taken in the test tube.
|
(for a liquid sample)
Brisk effervescence is evolved.
|
(for a liquid sample) CO2 gas is evolved or
liberated. Therefore, carboxylic group in the sample is confirmed.
|
(for a solid sample) A solution of sodium carbonate is prepared
in a small amount of the given sample is added to it and the test tube is
shaken.
|
(for a solid sample) Brisk effervescence is evolved.
|
(for a solid sample) CO2 gas is evolved or liberated.
Therefore, carboxylic group in the sample is confirmed.
|
TEST NO. 3
|
||
Esterification
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Experiment
|
Observation
|
Inference
|
To 0.5mg/0.5ml of the sample taken in a clean test tube, equal
amount of ethyl alcohol is added followed by 1-2 drops of conc. H2SO4
acid. The test tube is then heated in a water bath for at least few minutes (at
the least 5 minutes). The contents of the test tube are then poured into a
beaker containing water, and the smell is noted.
|
Pleasant or fruity or sweet smell is evolved.
|
Presence of carboxylic group in the sample Is confirmed.
|
REPORT: Given sample contains aliphatic/aromatic carboxylic acid functional group.
___________________________________________________________________
Know more about stuff related to this practical experiment
(Important for Boards):-
- Qualitative analysis for the identification of the functional group in the organic sample Acetic Acid (Example 1).
- Qualitative analysis for the identification of the functional group in the organic sample Benzoic Acid (Example 2).
- To find the molarity and strength of the given KMnO4solution using M/20 standard Mohr salt solution
- How to find out the mass of salt required to achieve the requiredconcentration of a solution
- Viva Questions related to Qualitative Analysis.
- Viva Questions related to Carboxylic Functional Group.
Reference:-
- Verma, Dr. N.K.. Comprehensive Practical Chemistry, Class XII.
- NCERT. Chemistry Part I and II, Class XII.
For latest syllabus, both theory and practical papers for
class XII, check out the CBSE’s official site http://cbseacademic.in/ for more info.
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Related Questions-
Identification of organic compounds
Organic Chemistry Practical
Carboxylic Compounds
How to prepare standard solution
How to prepare 250ml of solution
CBSE class 12 chemistry practicals
CBSE class XII chemistry practicals
Qualitative Analysis